Class 7 Civics Chapter 4 Ratna Sagar

 Short Answer Type Questions:-

Q1. Why is the legislative council called a permanent body?

Ans. Legislative council is called permanent body because after every two years one-third of the member complete their term and new members are elected, two-third members are always in the legislative council, so it is called a permanent body.

Q2. How are representatives to the Vidhan Sabha elected? How have the territorial constituencies for Assembly seats been set up?

Ans. The representatives to the Vidhan Sabha are elected through the process of election. The territorial constituencies for Assembly seats been set up on the basis of proportional representation of the population.

Q3. What do you understand by 'the Governor can hold office during the pleasure of the president'?

Ans. 'The Governor can hold office during the pleasure of the president' which means appointment of governor is done by the president and can be removed by him at any time.

Q4. Name the civil servants who carry out the administrative work in a state.

Ans. The Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and Indian Police Service (IPS) are appointed are appointed at the state level to carry out the administrative work in the state.

Long Answer type Questions:-

Q1. How are members elected to the legislative council?

Ans. One-third of the members complete their term and election of new members is done after every two years. The electoral college for the Council election includes local authorities, teachers, graduates and MLA's. 

        One-Third of the members are elected by 'The Local Authorities' constituency, one-twelfth from the graduate's and teacher's constituency and MLA's elect one-third of the council members. The remaining seats are filled by the nomination of the governor. 

Q2. What are the steps involved in the process of a bill becoming an act?

Ans. The steps involved in the process of a bill becoming an act are as follows:-

        - The draft of law is called bill, it is presented in either of the house.

        - Discussion over the bill takes place in the house and amendments are done.

        - If the bill is passed by both the house then it is sent to The Governor for approval.

        - After being signed by the Governor a Bill turns in an Act.

Q3. What are the discretionary powers of a Governor?

Ans. In some condition Governor is free to take decisions without the advice of the council of ministers, if he/she feels that the government has lost the confidence in the legislative assembly or the government machinery is functioning well, The Governor can recommend President's rule in the state. In such case Governor runs the administration of the state on the advice of President.

Q4. What are the functions of a Chief Minister?

Ans. The functions of a Chief Minister are as follows:-

        - It advice Governor about whom to be appointed as the council of ministers and how many.

        - He presides the cabinet meetings.

        - He distribute portfolios among ministers.

        - Does the appointment of Deputy Chief Minister, if needed

        - If needed, he can retain charge of some portfolios.

Q5. Write short notes on- Council of Ministers, Advocate-General.

Ans. Council of Ministers- The Council of Ministers are appointed on the advice of Chief Minister from among the legislature, which must not exceed 15 percent of the total strength of the Legislative Assembly. Council of Ministers contain three different types of ministers, which are- Cabinet Ministers, Ministers of the state and Deputy Ministers. The cabinet minister holds the charge of the portfolio and assisted by the other ministers. All the important decisions are taking by the Cabinet Ministers.

Advocate- General- The Appointment of Advocate-general is done by the Governor and can be removed any time. The person Qualified to be a High Court judge can only be appointed as Advocate-General. 

    His duty is to give legal advice to the executive and perform other legal functions assigned by the Governor. He can also participate in the proceedings of the state legislature but do not have right to vote.