Class 7 History Chapter 2 Ratna Sagar

Short Answer type questions:-

Q1. How did the Rajputs explain their origin?

Ans. Rajputs explain their origin as the Kshatriya or warrior class of Vedic Period.

Q2. How did Muhammad Ghori benefit from Mahmud of Ghazni’s Death?

Ans. Ghor was attacked and merged with Ghazni by Mahmud of Ghazni, after Mahmud death Muhammad Ghori declared himself free and expanded his kingdom.

Q3. Which ruling dynasties engaged in a tripartite struggle to control Kanauj? Give Reasons.

Ans.  Gurjar Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas and Palas were fighting for control over Kanauj as it was the most important city of north India, due to its location it was easy to control the resources of the entire Ganga valley.

Q4. How do you know that Rashtrakutas were patrons of art, architecture and literature?

Ans. Rashtrakuta kings had given patronage to art, architecture and literature which can be seen in the famous rock cut Kailasa temple at Ellora and rock cut cave temples. They have also given support to Kannad language .

Q5. What do you know about Chola Sculpture?

Ans. Great sculptures had been created by using stone or bronze. The bronze image of Lord Shiva as Natraja is best example of art in Chola period.

Long Answer type Questions:-

Q1. How was the clash between Prithviraj chauhan and Muhammad ghori in 1192 different from the clash in 1191?

Ans. The Clash between Prithviraj Chauhan and Muhammad Ghori in 1192 different from the clash in 1191 because in 1^st battle he had received the support from other rajput rulers, But in 1192 he had fought alone.

Q2. Describe the military achievements of Rajaraja Chola and Rajendra Chola.

Ans. Military achievements of Rajaraja Chola are –

-          Defeated the Pandyas and the Cheras.

-          Maintained a strong army and captured Ceylon (Srilanka) and the Maldive islands.

Military achievements of Rajendra Chola are-

-          With his strong army he had defeated chalukyas.

-          He defeated Palas and gain control over Bengal and took title of Gangaikondachola.

-          To gain access of trade with China through the strait of Molucca he had defeated the Kingdom of Sri Vijaya.

Q3. What do you know about Chola Administration.

Ans. Chola administration was divided into different levels, kingdom was divided into Mandalams, Mandalams were administered by Governors.

                Mandalams were divided into Valandus and Valandus were the group of villages. Villages were called Nadus or Kurram. Villages had freedom to take care of their own affairs, which was done by two assemblies Ur and Sabha.

Q4. What are the two developments in the Chola period that led to an increase in the area under cultivation?

Ana.- The two major developments in the Chola period that led to an increase in the area under cultivation are as follows:-

- A large area of dry, barren and forest land was made fit for cultivation.

- Irrigation facilities were extended to new areas.

Q5. Write a short note on the regional kingdoms of the Deccan.

Ans. There were many regional kingdoms in deccan region,

-          Rashtrakutas were the most powerful kingdom of Deccan, they were ruling over Maharastra. They were patron to art, architecture and Language.

-          Yadavas kingdom flourished in Devagiri due to trade. This kingdom was situated between Narmada and Godavari river.

-          Vikramanka was the greatest ruler of Chalukyas of kalyani, He and his successors built many temples at Aihol, Badami and Pattadakal.

-          The Kakatiyas were ruling between Godavari and Krishna river in 12^th and 13^th century, they have given patronage to Sanskrit and Telugu language.

Many of these Kingdoms had been annexed by Ala ud din Khalji in 14^th Century.