Q1. Name the works of Kalidasa.
Ans.- Abhignanshakuntalam, Meghaduta and Ritusambharam are
some writings of Kalidasa.
Q2. Write a note on the Jataka Tales.
Ans.- Jatak Tales is a large collection stories related to
previous birth of Buddha for moral teaching by the use of animals as characters
of stories.
Q3. Distinguish Between structural temples and monolithic
temples. Give one example of each.
Ans.- Structural temples were the temples built by the use
of carved blocks of stone. Example- The Shore Temple.
Monolithic
temples are those carved out of one single piece of rock. Example- The Rath
Temple.
Q4. Give an example to illustrate to the greatness of
architecture during the Pallavas period.
Ans.- The Kailashnath temple , The Shore temple and The
Seven Rath Temple are the great examples of The Pallavas period.
Q5. Mention one similarity and one difference between the
Gandhara and Mathura school of art.
Ans.- The Gandhara and Mathura school of art, both had
carved statues of Buddha but in Gandhara School of art they had used grey
sandstone were as in Mathura school of art red sandstone was used.
Q6. Give an example to illustrate the mastery of ancient
Indian in Metallurgy.
Ans.- In ancient India people were know about the art of
extraction of metals, they had developed rust proof iron which was used to
build the iron pillar of Delhi, it is standing from 1600 years without rusting.
Answer in Details:-
Q1. Write an essay on ancient Sanskrit literature.
Ans.- The ancient literatures of vedic period are written in
sanskrit language, such as- vedas, epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata. These
written records provide detailed description of that period related to religious,
social and political condition.
Q2. Give an account of the expertise of ancient Indians in
architecture.
Ans.-There are many examples available in India which shows
expertise of ancient Indian architecture, some of them are as follows-
Ashokan pillars- Ashokan pillars are found at many places in
India which are great example of ancient architecture, they are build by red
sandstone and highly polished. These pillars are decorated with capital carved
in the shape of animals, like- Bull, Lion and Horse.
Cave temple:- These temples are found at many places in
India, such as- Ajanta and Ellora in Aurangabad Maharashtra, Barabar caves in
Gaya Bihar, etc.
Temples:- Many temples were build by different rulers in
north and south India, North Indian Gupta period temples were built by the use
of bricks. In south India also Pallavas and Chalukyas have build many great
temples with the stones. such as- The Seven Rath Temple, Kanchi Temple,
Kailashnath temple, etc.
Q3. Write a note on the greatness of sculpture in India in
ancient times.
Ans.- Art of making sculptures flourished during the Gupta
and Kushana period, many statues of Buddha have been found from north and south
India. South Indian sculptures were made by the use of grey sandstone where as
in north India all the sculptures were made using red sandstone.
Ashokan
pillars are also great example of greatness as these are made of red sandstone
and highly polished. These pillars are decorated with capital carved in the
shape of animals, like - Bull, Lion and horses.
Q4. Write in detail about the contribution made by ancient
Indians in the field of science, mathematics and medicine.
Ans.- Science-
-
Aryabhatta first realise that the Earth revolves around sun and he also find
out the cause of Lunar and Solar Eclipses.
-Bhaskaracharya
had written about the gravity in his book Suryasiddhant in 1200 years Ago.
- The
extractio of metals, making of dyes and pigments, Making of rust proof iron,
and extraction of sugar.
Mathematics-
-In
vedic period Vedic Mathematics developed, which consist Arithmetics, Geometry
and Algebra.
- Idea
of Zero was also developed in India.
Medicines-
-
Charakasamhita written by Charaka give idea about different cause of diseases,
which helped in development of Ayurveda as the branch of medicines.
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